Use this outline to guide your study and reading. You should know the concepts outlined.  Tip: Write down or type up your understanding of everything outlined for your own records.

Objectives:

• Explain the process of conception
• List physical and emotional changes of pregnancy
• Discuss the hormonal changes as pregnancy begins

Study:

Book – Pregnancy, Childbirth, and the Newborn 2016 edition

• Chapter 3, “Common Changes and Concerns in Pregnancy”, page 28

A. Female Reproductive System

Resources:

• Read: https://girlshealth.gov/body/reproductive/system.html
• Read: https://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/menstruation.html

1. ovum
2. vulva
3. labia minora
4. urethra
5. labia majora
6. clitoris
7. perineum
8. vagina
9. uterus
10. fallopian tubes
11. ovaries
12. egg
13. follicle
14. cervix
15. fundus
16. menstruation
17. female bony pelvis
18. endometrium
19. ovulation
20. fertilization
21. follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
22. luteinizing hormone (LH)

B. Male Reproductive System

Resources:

• Read: https://kidshealth.org/teen/sexual_health/changing_body/male_repro.html
• Read: https://kidshealth.org/teen/interactive/mrs_it.html

1. sperm
2. penis
3. semen
4. scrotum
5. testes
6. vas deferens
7. seminal vesicles
8. prostate gland
9. cowper’s gland
10. prostate gland
11. epididymis
12. testosterone

B. Fertility Awareness

• Read: https://www.womenshealth.gov/pregnancy/before-you-get-pregnant/trying-to-conceive.html

C. Preconception Health

• Read: https://www.womenshealth.gov/pregnancy/before-you-get-pregnant/preconception-health.html

D. Hormonal Changes

1. Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
2. Estrogen
3. Progesterone
4. Relaxin
5. Prostaglandins
6. Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)
7. Oxytocin

E. Pregnancy Precautions

1. Alcohol
2. Smoking
3. Drugs

F. Health

1. Nutrition
2. Exercise
3. Weight recommendations
4. Coping with stress

G. Fetal Development

1. First four weeks
2. Trimester One 5th through 14th weeks
3. Development of placenta and uterus
4. Quickening
5. Membranes
6. Amniotic sac
7. Amniotic fluid
8. Placenta
9. Uterus
10. Cervix
11. Trimester Two 15th through 27th weeks
12. Trimester Three 28th through 38th weeks

H. Pregnancy Discomforts

1. Range of emotions
2. Shortness of breath
3. Sore lower ribs
4. Indigestion
5. Heartburn
6. Varicose veins
7. Hemorrhoids
8. Swollen ankles
9. Back pain

I. Sex During Pregnancy

1. Changes in desire
2. Safety of sex

J. Abuse and Domestic Violence

1. Childhood trauma
2. Verbal
3. Psychological
4. Emotional
5. Sexual
6. Economic
7. Physical

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Assignment

Complete Module Assignment

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This concludes module 4

Healthy Lifestyles

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