3. Pregnancy Health and Nutrition

Use this outline to guide your study and reading. You should know the concepts outlined.  Tip: Write down or type up your understanding of everything outlined for your own records.

Objectives:

  • Explain the process of conception
  • List physical and emotional changes of pregnancy
  • Discuss the hormonal changes as pregnancy begins

Study:

Book – Pregnancy, Childbirth, and the Newborn

  • Chapter 3, “Common Changes and Concerns in Pregnancy”, page 28

A. Female Reproductive System

Resources:

  1. ovum
  2. vulva
  3. labia minora
  4. urethra
  5. labia majora
  6. clitoris
  7. perineum
  8. vagina
  9. uterus
  10. fallopian tubes
  11. ovaries
  12. egg
  13. follicle
  14. cervix
  15. fundus
  16. menstruation
  17. female bony pelvis
  18. endometrium
  19. ovulation
  20. fertilization
  21. follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
  22. luteinizing hormone (LH)

B. Male Reproductive System

Resources:

  1. sperm
  2. penis
  3. semen
  4. scrotum
  5. testes
  6. vas deferens
  7. seminal vesicles
  8. prostate gland
  9. cowper’s gland
  10. prostate gland
  11. epididymis
  12. testosterone

B. Fertility Awareness

C. Preconception Health

D. Hormonal Changes

  1. Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
  2. Estrogen
  3. Progesterone
  4. Relaxin
  5. Prostaglandins
  6. Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)
  7. Oxytocin

E. Pregnancy Precautions

  1. Alcohol
  2. Smoking
  3. Drugs

F. Health

  1. Nutrition
  2. Exercise
  3. Weight recommendations
  4. Coping with stress

G. Fetal Development

  1. First four weeks
  2. Trimester One 5th through 14th weeks
  3. Development of placenta and uterus
  4. Quickening
  5. Membranes
  6. Amniotic sac
  7. Amniotic fluid
  8. Placenta
  9. Uterus
  10. Cervix
  11. Trimester Two 15th through 27th weeks
  12. Trimester Three 28th through 38th weeks

H. Pregnancy Discomforts

  1. Range of emotions
  2. Shortness of breath
  3. Sore lower ribs
  4. Indigestion
  5. Heartburn
  6. Varicose veins
  7. Hemorrhoids
  8. Swollen ankles
  9. Back pain

I. Sex During Pregnancy

  1. Changes in desire
  2. Safety of sex

J. Abuse and Domestic Violence

  1. Childhood trauma
  2. Verbal
  3. Psychological
  4. Emotional
  5. Sexual
  6. Economic
  7. Physical

Complete Module Assignment

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